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GLACIER, WIND CAVE, AND PLATT NATIONAL 

PARKS, SULLYS HILL PARK, CASA GRANDE 

RUIN, MUIR WOODS, PETRIFIED FOREST, 

AND OTHER NATIONAL MONUMENTS 



1910 



COMPILED IN THE OFFICE OF 

THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 




WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT FEINTING .OFFICE ! 1911 



REPORT ON 

GLACIER, WIND CAVE, AND PLATT NATIONAL 

PARKS, SULLYS HILL PARK, CASA GRANDE 

RUIN, MUIR WOODS, PETRIFIED FOREST, 

AND OTHER NATIONAL MONUMENTS 



1910 



COMPILED IN THE OFFICE OF 

THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 




WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTINGI0FFICE::^911 



L5%3 



CONTENTS. 

er National Park, Montana "> 

< leneral fleacrlptlon 3 

Boutes and accommodatlona 4 

Ad approved May 11, 1910, to eatabllab "the Glacier National Park" 
in t in* Bock; Mountains smith of the International boundary line, 

in the stnie of Montana, and for other purposes t 

Rules and regulations of the Glacier National Park, Montana 8 

Wind Gave National Park, South I >.-i u< >t :t 10 

Piatt National Park, Oklahoma 12 

Sullys Hill Park, North Dakota 18 

Caaa Grande Buln, Arizona h 

National monuments and preservation of American antiquities 16 

Mulr Woods National Monument, California it 

Petrified Fores! of Arizona 19 20 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Map Of Glacier National Park, Montana I 

Map of Wind Cave Park, South Dakota 10 

Map of Piatt National Park, Oklahoma - i- 

Fig, i. Cass Grande Buln Reservation, Arizona 15 

•_'. Mulr Woods National Monument, California Is 

8, Petrified Foresi National Monument, Arizona 

1. Navajo National Monument, Arizona -1 

.".. ChaCO Canyon National Monument. New Mexico '-"-' 

c. Balnbow Bridge National Monument, Utah 22 

7. 1:1 Morro National Monument, Now Mexico 28 

s Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument, Montana ui 

'.». Tumacacorl National Monument, Arizona 25 

10. Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona . _ , •_'''> 

11. Natural Bridges National Monument. I'tah 27 

12. Gran Qulvlra National Monument, New Mexico 

18. Mukuntnweap National Monument, Otata 29 

14. Shoshone Cavern National Monument, Wj ing 

16. Sitka National Monument, Alaska 

16, D wet National Monument. Wyoming 88 

it. Pinnacles National Monument, California 32 



REPORT ON GLACIER, WIND CAVE, AND PLATT NATIONAL 
PARKS, SULLYS HILL PARK, CASA GRANDE RUIN, MUIR 
WOODS, PETRIFIED FOREST, AND OTHER NATIONAL MONU- 
MENTS. 



GLACIER NATIONAL. PARK. 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 

The Glacier National Park was created by the act of Congress ap- 
proved May 11, 1910 (36 Stat., 354). It is located in northwestern 
Montana and embraces over 1,400 square miles of the Rocky Moun- 
tains, extending north from the main line of the Great Northern 
Railway to the Canadian border. It has an area of approximately 
915,000 acres, of which 15,000 acres have been surveyed. The park is 
bounded on the north by the Canadian line, on the east by the Black- 
feet Indian Reservation, on the west by the north fork of the Flat- 
head River, and on the south by the Great Northern Railway's main 
transcontinental line. The extreme length of the park, north and 
south and east and west, is 50 to 60 miles. There are more than 60 
glaciers in an area of about 5 square miles. Maj. William R. Logan, 
special inspector in charge of the construction of roads and trails, is 
the acting superintendent of the park. His address is Belton, Mont. 
The park can be reached via the Great Northern Railway. The 
tourist season extends from May 1 to about September 15. 

Glacier National Park possesses many attractions for both scientist 
and tourist. In its confines are upward of 60 glaciers and a number of 
snow-capped mountain peaks, rising to a height of from 7,000 to 
10,000 feet above sea level. The principal glaciers in the park are 
Blackfoot, Harrison, Pumpelly, Red Eagle, Sperry, and Chaney. 
Most of these will be accessible to the tourist by road and trail. 
These enduring masses of ice spill their chill waters over hundreds of 
cataracts, and down rollicking mountain streams, where trout abound, 
into clear, cold lakes that lie long and ribbonlike in the forested 
valleys. 

Lake McDonald is one of the most beautiful lakes in the North- 
west. It is about 3,150 feet above sea level, 12 miles long, being 
reached in about one hour from Belton Station by stage, the distance 
being about 3 miles. It is surrounded by mountains, and numerous 
trails lead away from it to the glaciers, lakes, and surrounding moun- 
tains. The air about Lake McDonald is remarkably pure and clear, 
and the fragrance of fir, pine, and cedar produces a refreshing and 
invigorating atmosphere. 

Iceberg Lake is a small sheet of water about 16 miles north of 
Lake McDonald. It is so named because the great floes of glacial 
ice are to be seen on its surface in midsummer. 

(3) 



Avalanche Basin, a remarkable U-shaped valley, about 12 miles 
uorth of Lake McDonald, is one of the moil attractive and impressing 
features <>f the park. Nestling in the valley below the basin lies 
Avalanche Lake into which dash the cascades and cataracts that 
have their source in the glaciers above and rush down the ragged walls 
of the basin for over 2,400 feet. 

The St Mm i \ Lakes lie <>n the eastern slope of the park, northwest 
of Mid\alr. The upper St. Man Lake is 11 miles Long, the lower 
lake 7 miles long. The area surrounding a portion oi the lake is 
heavily forested, while in other Bections the mountains rise sheer 
from i be w ater's edge. 

ROUTES AND ACCOMMODATIONS. 

The Glacier National Park is easily accessible via the Great North- 
ern Railway, the only line which touch.'- it- border. The main line 
of the Great Northern forms the southern boundary of the park. 
Midvale, Mont., located 1,119 miles from St. Paul, is the gateway to 
that portion of the park lying east of the transcontinental divide. 

Wagon roads and trails wend through the foothills past the Two 
Medicine Lakes, a beautiful, rolling, and semimountainous section, 
to lower St Mary Lake. 

The western portion of the park is accessible via Belton and is 
1.1 77 miles west of St. Paul. 

There are several resorts OH this lake ;it which ace .mmodat ions can 
be had at from $2 t<> $3 per day. In addition to the hotels proper 
there are a number of small loir-cabin cottages that can be rented by 
the week, either furnished or mi furnished if desired. 

The stage fare from Belton to the foot of the lake is 50 cents 
way and 50 cents for each piece of baggage. The steamer fare across 
the lake ie 7.'. cents, or $1.25 for the round trip. 

From the upper end of Lake McDonald interesting side trips may 
be made to different scenic portions of the park. Short trips can be 
made to Avalanche Basin, Sperry Glacier, Glacier Camp, and to 
several small lakes, where good fishing can be had. More extended 
trips, requiring from two days to one or two week-, can be made to 
the north portion of the park, taking in such feature- as Granite 
Park, < Ihaney ( rlacier, and Iceberg Lake. 

From Lake McDonald a trail also wind- over the summit of the 
mountain- across Gunsighi Pass and down to the head of St. Man- 
Lake-, on the east side of the transcontinental divide. For these 
longer trips complete camping outfits are required, and the only 
method of transportation .it present is the use of -addle horses and 

pack train-. 

ACT APPROVED MAY 11. 1910, TO ESTABLISH "THE GLACIER 
NATIONAL PARK " IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS SOUTH OF THE 
INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY LINE. IN THE STATE OF MONTANA. 
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES. 

/:, U enacted by th> SenaU iim/ / t Representatives of the 

Ited States of America in Congress assembled. That the tract of 

laud in the State of Montana particularly described by mete- and 

bounds as follows, to wit: Commencing at a point on the interna 

tional boundary between the United States and the Dominion of 

Canada at the middle of the Flathead Iviver: thence following 




Data north of latitude 48°30 'from sheets or 
U.S. Geological Survey ; data south ofthat 
latitude only approximate 



KETCH MAP OF 



southerly along and with the middle of the Flathead River to its 
confluence with the Middle Fork of the Flathead River; thence fol- 
lowing the north bank of said Middle Fork of the Flathead River to 
where it is crossed by the north boundary of the right of way of the 
Great Northern Railroad; thence following the said right of way to 
where it intersects the west boundary of the Blackfeet Indian Res- 
ervation; thence northerly along said west boundary to its intersec- 
tion with the international boundary; thence along said interna- 
tional boundary to the place of beginning, is hereby reserved and 
withdrawn from settlement, occupancy, or disposal under the laws 
of the United States, and dedicated and set apart as a public park or 
pleasure ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people of the 
United States under the name of " The Glacier National Park ; " and 
all persons who shall locate or settle upon or occupy the same, or any 
part thereof, except as hereinafter provided, shall be considered tres- 
passers and removed therefrom : Provided, That nothing herein con- 
tained shall affect any valid existing claim, location, or entry under 
the land laws of the United States or the rights of any such claimant, 
locator, or entryman to the full use and enjoyment of his land: Pro- 
vided further, That rights of way through the valleys of the North 
and Middle forks of the Flathead River for steam or electric rail- 
ways may be acquired within said Glacier National Park under 
filings or proceedings heretofore or hereafter made or instituted un- 
der the laws applicable to the acquisition of such rights over or upon 
the unappropriated public domain of the United States, and that the 
United States Reclamation Service may enter upon and utilize for 
fiowage or other purposes any area within said park which may be 
necessary for the development and maintenance of a Government rec- 
lamation project: And provided further, That no lands within the 
limits of said park hereby created belonging to or claimed by any 
railroad or other corporation nQw having or claiming the right of 
indemnity selection by virtue of any law or contract whatsoever shall 
be used as a basis for indemnity selection in any State or Territory 
whatsoever for any loss sustained by reason of the creation of said 
park. 

Sec. 2. That said park shall be under the executive control of the 
Secretary of the Interior, whose duty it shall be, as soon as practi- 
cable, to make and publish such rules and regulations not inconsistent 
with the laws of the United States as he may deem necessary or proper 
for the care, protection, management, and improvement of the same, 
which regulations shall provide for the preservation of the parlrin a 
state of nature so far as is consistent with the purposes of this act, 
and for the care and protection of the fish and game within the 
boundaries thereof. Said Secretary may, in his discretion, execute 
leases to parcels of ground not exceeding ten acres in extent at any 
one place to any one person or company, for not to exceed twenty 
years, when such ground is necessary for the erection of buildings for 
the accommodation of visitors, and to parcels of ground not exceeding 
one acre in extent and for not to exceed twenty years to persons who 
have heretofore erected or whom he may hereafter authorize to erect 
summer homes or cottages; he may also sell and permit the removal 
of such matured or dead or down timber as he may deem necessary 
or advisable for the protection or improvement of the park. 

Approved, May 11, 1910. 



EULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE GLACIEB NATIONAL PARK. 

MONTANA. 

GEN KRAI. BBGULATTON8 of DQBGDBMBSB B, 1910. 

The following rules and regulations for the government of the 
Glacier National Park are hereby established and made public, pur- 
suant to authority conferred bv the ad of Congress approved May 
11, 1010: 

1. It is forbidden to injure or disturb in any manner any of the 
mineral deposits, natural curiosities, or wonders on the Government 
lands within the park. 

2. It is forbidden to cut. without a permit from the Secretary of 
the Interior or his authorized representative, any timber growing on 
the park lands; it is also forbidden to injure any growing timber or 
deface or injure any Government property. Camping parties will 
be allowed to use dead or fallen timber for fuel When celling tim- 
ber, stumps must uot l>e left higher than 12 inches from the ground. 

Fire should be Lighted only when necessary and completely extin- 
guished when not longer required. The utmost care must be exer- 
cised nt all times to avoid setting fire to the timber and L r i 

4. limiting or killing, wounding or capturing any bird or wild 
animal on the park lands, except dangerous animals when necessary 
to prevent them from destroying life or inflicting an injury, is pro- 
hibited. The outfits, including guns, trap-, teams, horses, or means 
of transportation used by persons engage.! in hunting, killing, trap- 
ping, ensnaring, or capturing such birds or wild animal-, or in poe 
sion of game killed on the park lands under other circumstances than 
prescribed above, will be taken np by the superintendent and held 
subject P> the order of the Secretary of the Interior, except in c 
where it is shown by satisfactory evidence that the outfit is not the 
property of the person or persons violating this regulation and the 
actual owner thereof was not a party to Such violation. Firearms 
will only be permitted in the park on written permission from the 
superintendent thereof. On arrival at the first station of the park 
guard, parties having firearms, trap-, nets, -cine-, or explosives will 
turn tnera over to the officer in charge of the station, taking his receipt 
for them. They will be ret urned to the owners on leaving the park. 

5. Fishing with net-, seines, traps. <>i by the use of drugs <>r ex- 
plosives, or in any other way than with hook and line, is prohibited. 
Pishing for purposes <>f merchandise <>r profit is forbidden. Fishing 
may be prohibited bv order of the superintendent in any of the waters 
of the park-, or limited therein to any specified season of the year, 
until otherwise ordered by the Secretary of the Interior. 

6. No person will be permitted to reside permanently, engage in 

any business, or erect buildings, etc, upon the Government lands in 
the park without permission in writing from the Secretary of the 
Interior. The superintendent may grant authority to competent 
persons to ad as guides and revoke the same in hi- discretion. No 
pack tram- will be allowed in the park unless in charge of a duly 
registered guide. 

7. Owners of patented lands within the park limits are entitled 
to the full u-e and enjoyment thereof; such lands, however, shall have 



the metes and bounds thereof so marked and defined that they may 
be readily distinguished from the park lands. Stock may be taken 
over the park lands to patented lands with the written permission 
and under the supervision of the superintendent. 

8. The herding or grazing of loose stock or cattle of any kind 
on the Government lands in the park, as well as the driving of such 
stock or cattle over the same, is strictly forbidden, except in such 
cases where authority therefor is granted by the superintendent. 

9. No drinking saloon or barroom will be permitted upon Govern- 
ment lands in the park. 

10. Private notices or advertisements shall not be posted or dis- 
played on the Government lands within the reservation, except such 
as may be necessary for the convenience and guidance of the public. 

11. It is forbidden to carve or write names or otherwise deface any 
of the posts, signboards, platforms, seats, railings, steps, bowlders, 
trees, or structures of any kind in the park. 

12. Persons who render themselves obnoxious by disorderly con- 
duct or bad behavior, or who may violate any of the foregoing rules, 
will be summarily removed from the park and will not be allowed to 
return without permission, in writing, from the Secretary of the 
Interior or the superintendent of the park. 

No lessee or licensee shall retain in his employ any person whose 
presence in the park shall be deemed and declared by the superin- 
tendent to be subversive of the good order and management of the 
reservation. 

13. The superintendent designated by the Secretary is hereby 
authorized and directed to remove all trespassers from the Govern- 
ment lands in the park and enforce these rules and regulations and 
all the provisions of the act of Congress aforesaid. 

REGULATIONS OF DECEMBER 3, 1910, GOVERNING THE IMPOUNDING AND 
DISPOSITION OF LOOSE LIVE STOCK FOUND IN THE GLACIER NATIONAL 
PARK, MONT. 

Horses, cattle, or other domestic live stock running at large or being 
herded or grazed in the Glacier National Park without authority 
from the Secretary of the Interior, will be taken up and impounded 
by the superintendent, who will at once give notice thereof to the 
owner, if known. If the owner is not known, notices of such im- 
pounding, giving a description of the animal or animals, with the 
brands thereon, will be posted in six public places inside the park and 
in two public places outside the park. Any owner of an animal thus 
impounded may, at any time before the sale thereof, reclaim the same 
upon proving ownership and paying the cost of notice and all ex- 
penses incident to the taking up and detention of such animal, includ- 
ing the cost of feeding and caring for the same. If any animal thus 
impounded shall not be reclaimed within 30 days from notice to the 
owner or from the date of posting notices, it shall be sold at public 
auction at such time and place as may be fixed by the superintendent 
after 10 days' notice, to be given by posting notices in six public 
places in the park and two public places outside the park, and by 
mailing to the owner, if known, a copy thereof. 



All money n wed from tin- Beie of such animals and remaining 

after the payment of all expenses incident to the taking up. impound* 
ing. and selling thereof, .-hall be carefully retained by the superin- 
tendent in a separate fund for a period 01 six months, during which 
tine tin- net proceeds Cram the -air of any animal may In- claimed by 
and paid to the owner upon the presentation of satisfactory proof 
of ownership, and if not so claimed within six months from the date 
^f sale soeh proceeds -hall he tuned into the Glacier National Park 

fund. 

The superintendent -hall keep a record in which -hall be set down 
a description of all animal- impounded, giving the brands found on 
them, the date and locality of the taking up. the date of all not 
and manner in which they were given, the date of sale, the name and 
address <>f the purchaser, the amount for which each animal was -old 
and the cost incurred in connection therewith, and the disposition of 
the proceeds. 

The -uperintendent will, in each instance, make every reasonable 
effort to ascertain the owner of animals impounded and to give actual 
notice thereof to such owner. 

DESCRIPTION of in i; AREA Of THE PROPOSED GLACIER NATIONAL PARK, 

I'.y 11. H. < 11 mm vn. 

The area of the northern Rocky Mountains which lie- to the north 

of the Great Northern Railway and to the south of the Canadian 
boundary is one of the most beautiful mountain regions in the world. 
To the east of the mountains the plains region, drained by the Mi- 
sonri and Saskatchewan River systems, stretches mile upon mile of 
open grass land, practically treeless. 

In sharp contrast to the plains rise the mountains, which, seen from 
the distance, present a rock wall of great steepness, extending appar- 
ently unbroken for mile-. This, the eastern face of the range, is 
actually cut by long, deep, U-shaped canyons, which have been Largely 
formed by the great glaciers which once flowed from the mighty 
snow-covered peaks and ridges forming the divide between the 
waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceana 

In the canyons are roaring streams, which head in the melting ice 
and snow, flow into placid lakes and eventually into the arroyos of 
the plain-. Between the canyons the long finger-like ridges rise to 

iderable heights, the timber-covered foot sloping steeply until a 

region of brush-covered broken rock is reached, which in turn leads 
to the base of precipitous cliffs. 

The canyons at the head usually terminate in great amphitheaters, 
rising cliff oxer cliff in a stairway <>f tremendous proportion-, many 

steps of which retain an ice mass -lowlv flowing aero-- it. each fed 

from a large ice field above, until a region of huge -now bank! 

reached. The main Rocky. Mountain mass i> actually made up of two 

principal ranges, generally parallel, with axis in a northwesterly 

and southeasterly direction, the easternmost of which i- the Lewi- 
Range, which extend- but a short distance across the Canadian bound- 
ary. The western) or Livingston, range persists much farther north-* 
Ward. At a point about 11 miles south of Canada it becomes the 
watershed of the Continental Divide, which ha- previously followed 
the ridge of the Livingston Range. 



These ranges are the remnants of what was once a much wider 
plateau like region of rock which has been carved and shattered by 
the forces of erosion, principally those of the glaciers. Upon this 
great mass are the higher peaks, huge pyramids and blocks, with cliffs 
and precipices hundreds and sometimes thousands of feet, plunging 
away to the roaring streams of the valleys or ending in the great 
crevasse at the head of some glacier. 

To the westward the mountains break precipitously, and from 
the foot of the steep, long, timber-covered ridges reach out toward 
the valley of the Flathead River. 

Between these ridges and extending up the canyons of the higher 
range are many miles of lakes, joined by rushing streams similar to 
those on the eastern side. 

The whole region is inhabited by wild animals. The streams and 
lakes abound in fish of many varieties. In the higher barren rock 
areas the white goat is found in great numbers, while on the slightly 
lower ridges, where some protection is afforded by stunted timber 
growth, brush, and slide rock slopes, the bighorn Rocky Mountain 
sheep has his haunts. In the valleys and on the lower spurs are many 
deer and moose; in places a few elk are found, and over the whole 
area, from high glacier and snow field to huckleberry bush of valley 
and flat, the grizzly roams. 

All the game animals use the higher mountain districts for summer 
range only, as the area is too high and the snowfall too heavy to per- 
mit of winter use. It would seem advisable to have a protected area 
include at least that part of the North Fork Valley which lies to the 
east of the river in order to supply feed under all circumstances. 
This would not prevent the use of the west side of the valley for 
railway purposes, as later suggested. A portion of the plains to the 
east of the mountains might be added to facilitate this condition. 

The experience of the Government in the Jacksons Hole, in relation 
to the animals of the Yellowstone Park, need hardly be referred to. 

The rocks of the whole region are largely of sedimentary origin — 
limestone, sandstone, and shale — and the conditions are particularly 
adapted to the study of the structure and history of mountain ranges 
of these materials, as great folding of the once horizontally bedded 
rocks is frequently evident and faults of some importance are plain. 

At one time prospectors for copper flocked to the region, but no 
finds were made that warrant the belief that the region is one of any 
value for this metal. 

Indications of oil have been found on both the east and west sides 
of the range, but none of the explorations have proved productive. 
, There are numerous passes through the higher ranges. Across 
these the game trails lead from valley to valley ; following the game 
came the Indians ; the hunter and the trapper, looking for easy routes 
of travel, followed the Indians; then the Government engineers ex- 

{>loring and mapping, and finally the hardier of the tourists and 
overs of nature. Most of these passes are closed for many months 
of each year by snow ; some of them are available only after the use 
of the ax to give footing on the hard ice of glaciers lying close to 
the divide, but one or two of them are of such a nature as to event- 
ually accommodate wagon roads, by which persons unfitted for the 
strenuous efforts now required to reach the higher country may have 



10 

opportunity to view it at dose range. None of then) that are south 
01 the Canadian boundary will ever be used f<»r a railway route At 

some future day the locomotive may crOSS from Canada to the waters 

of the Flathead River and wend southward to the towns and farming 

valleys adjacent to Columbia Falls and Kalispell and form a link 
with the Great Northern Railway. A route mi the west side of the 
Flathead River is very available for the location of a railroad track. 
In the valley of the Flathead River are Beveral Bquare miles of land 
which are admirable for grazing purposes, bul over the greater part 
of the area the soil is so thin as to preclude its extensive use for 
farming. 

The area shown on the map herewith incloses about 1,840 square 
miles. Within these limits there are 250 lakes, ranging from 1<> miles 
to B few hundred feet in extent: there are more than 60 glaciers be- 
tween .") Bquare miles and a few acres in area : there are animals, plants, 
and rocks in numbers and quantity to satisfy the most ardent student, 
and views of great variety, beauty, and grandeur to gratify the 
artist and lover of nature. 

The area is in every way suited to the purposes of B national park 
and game preserve. 

The benefits which would come to the persons Living close to or 
within the area would in a very short time compensate them gen- 
erously for any temporary inconvenience they may experience. 

iii:iT.i:i:\' 

Northern Boundary Report. U. S. C. & G. S. and U. S. G. >.. pp. 
45 54. B. Willis. 

oil <»f the Northern Rockv Mountains. Engineering and Mining 
Journal, vol. 72, p. 782. L901. B. Willis. 

Bulletin (Geological Society of America, vol. 13, pp. 805-362. H. 
Willis. 

National Geographic Magazine, vol. L3, No. 10, October, L902. 
R. II. Chapman. 

WIND (AVE NATIONAL PARK. 

The act of Congress approved January 9, 1903 (32 Stat.. 
reserved a tract of land containing 10)522 acres in the State of South 
1 Dakota, 12 miles east of the town of I I"t Springs, and about the same 
distance southeast of Custer, as a public park to be known as the 

" Wind ( lave National Park." 

The park was placed under the exclusive control of the Secretary 

of the Interior, who ha- authority to prescribe rule- and regulations 

and establish such Ben ice as may be deemed oecessary in its manage- 
ment and protection, and in his discretion to rent or lease the cave 
from which the Park takes its name, and also parcel- of land for the 
erection of buildings for the accommodation of touri-t-. The funds 
arising from such rental- are covered into the Treasury and made 
available for expenditure in the care, protection, and improvement of 
the park. 

when the park was created there were 10 entries covering lands 
withm the park aggregating 1,519.16 acre-. Since that date the 
Government ha- secured title to all of the land- within the park 
oepl the NK. | NW. | and N\V. j NK. }. 86C. B5, T. 5 S., R. 5 K.. Black 
Hills meridian: Jonathan ( '. West; patented December 31, 1904, 






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80 acres, which is now owned by W. A. Rankin, who was formerly 
superintendent of the park. 

With the consent of the Attorney General, Mr. Seth Bullock, 
marshal for the district of South Dakota, has been continued in 
general charge of the reservation in an advisory capacity, and the 
superintendent, E. J. Pilcher, confers with him in regard to the 
administration thereof. The present superintendent was appointed 
March 26, 1910, and is the son of the former superintendent, Mr. J. E. 
Pilcher, who died March 14, 1910. The course pursued has aided 
in the effective management of the park during the past season. 

On April 22, 1910, a revocable permit was granted Mrs. Jennie A. 
Pilcher, widow of the former superintendent of the park, to furnish 
meals to tourists at 50 cents each. The service seems to have been 
satisfactory. 

The building constructed in 1893 in which meals are served has 
been repaired and improved in general appearance. The number of 
tourists through the park during the year was 3,387, of which num- 
ber 2,284 were transported by licensed vehicles, and 105 were campers, 
all of whom registered in books provided for that purpose. The 
remainder of the number of visitors, 998, were transients and were 
transported by private vehicles. 

During the season nine permits were granted for the transporta- 
tion of passengers in and through the park at the rate of $50 per 
vehicle. Five of the permits were for the transportation of pas- 
sengers by wagons, and four for the use of automobiles. 

Harold Peterson was given permission to take pictures in the cave 
and do a general photographic business in the park, for which privi- 
lege a fee of $15 for the remainder of the season, dating from July 
31, 1910, was charged. 

No applications were received for the driving of cattle or other 
stock through the park, and no change was made during the year in 
the regulations promulgated June 10, 1908, for the government of the 
park. 

There was a forest fire in the park from March 23 to March 25, 
and, although it swept over about a quarter of the area of the park, it 
did comparatively little damage, as it was confined to the southern 
portion which contains but a small amount of timber. 

A stone wall was completed in front of the superintendent's resi- 
dence and the lawn was brought up to such a grade as will prevent 
the soil washing to such an extent as in the past. A concrete walk 
and steps leading from the residence to the driveway in the front 
were also constructed. 

The roads and bridges are in a fairly good condition, but require 
more or less attention continuously. A new bridge was built on the 
road south of the cave to replace the old one, and the approaches 
were raised. 

Following heavy rains a King drag has been used to keep the roads 
in good condition, and it has been found to be very effective, as well 
as economical in road making. 

In the cave considerable repair work was done during the year 
to bridges, stairs, and paths, and several new stairways constructed. 

An estimate for an appropriation of $2,500 for the protection and 
improvement of the park has been submitted to Congress. 



12 

1M.ATT NATIONAL PARK. 

The park has :i total area of S4S/J2 acres and extends in an irregu- 
lar form ■ distance of abort 9 miles from northeast to south? 
alone Sulphur Creek, including a part of Rock Creek, which empt 
into Sulphur ('reek. 

Preliminary work has been « t« >i i» * looking to tin- construction of ■ 
wagon ami automobile road from Lincoln I » r i » 1 ir< ' t<> the top ol 
Bromide Mountain. This road is intended for tourists 1 travel only. 

A temporary bridge, M feet in Length, h;is been constructed aci 
Travertine Creek, :it an expense of $4.50. <)1«1 materia] was used in 
the construction of the bridge. A temporary fool bridge, :'.7 feet in 
Length, was built over Travertine Creek :it Lake Placid. 

The continued drought seriously affected the flow of Antelope 
Springs and completely dried an other springs which it had been 
the intention to improve. It did not appreciably affect the springs 
in the Wilson group, 

During the year nine permits for the transportation of passeng 
in and through the park were issued. Six were for automobiles and 
for a three-seated hack. A fee of $15 was charged in each of 
these instances. Two permits for surreys were issued and a fee <>f $10 
in each case was charged. 

The Elective Studio was granted authority to take pictures in the 
park during the first quarter, and a license fee of $3 for that quarter 
was charged. 

Lewis B. Van Hoesen was given permission to erect a refreshment 
stand within the park and to sell photographs, etc., for which a fee 
of $50 wa- charged, and John P. Sims during the quarter ending 
June 80, 1910, had a peanut and popcorn roaster within the park, 
for which a license fee of $6.25 was exacted. 

C. J. Barnes has a permit to sell vegetables, the license fee being 
$5 per annum. 

Owing to the continued drought Lou Polk, a large cattle owner. 
whose pasture adjoins the park on the southeast, was given permis- 
sion to make an opening in the park fence and construct a U- 
shaped inclosure, taking in about .'U acres of park land nearest his 
pasture and including a portion of Travertine ('reek for the purpose 
of watering his stock. The point at which Mr. Polk was authorised 

to water his -lock is about a half mile below the intake for the city 
water, which is procured from this creek, lie was charged a license 
f.v of $50 per annum. 

During the yen- -j.ii.". head of cattle and 10 head of horses and 

mule- were < Iim \ on through the park. During the year 1 1 •_'.'.»."••'. per- 
\i-ited the Bromide spriiiL r -. It will he understood that this 
number does not represent that number of different individuals, but 
those who \ isited the springs from time to time. It i- estimated thai 
at least 25,000 people were actual visitors t<> the park. Seven hun- 
dred and twenty-eight visitors came in wagon- and availed them- 
selves of the privilege of the public camping grounds, 

Water for dome-tic use in the office and residences of the superin- 
tendent and Kanger Town-ley ha- in the past heen secured by inean- 
of a windmill and tank. This mean- proved unsuccessful and re- 
cently arrangements Were made with the city, which received it- sup- 
ply of water from Travertine Creek, to furni-h water for done 



13 

purposes at the office and residences and at certain places in the park 
for the use of the general public. 

The road leading from Twelfth Street in the town of Sulphur to 
the park around to what is known as " Bromide Lane " formed the 
only way by which vehicles could approach the Bromide Springs. 
During the year the superintendent opened a driveway extending 
from a point on this road about 400 feet south of the foot of Twelfth 
Street to the north end of the Bromide Suspension Bridge. This 
road is about 1,100 feet long. It was cleared of trees and brush and 
graded, and is now in a good condition. Its establishment has been 
a great convenience, especially to invalids in getting to and from the 
springs. 

A road about 350 feet long leading from I Street to Travertine 
Creek was almost impassable as it had been laid in a quagmire of 
mud with large rocks interspersed here and there. This road has 
been graded and drained, the surface elevated above the mud and 
water line, and given a coat of cement gravel 5 or 6 inches in depth. 
It is now one of the best roads in the vicinity, and is equal to the 
paved streets in the town of Sulphur. 

During the past year the roads throughout the park and the fords 
of the creek have been repaired as far as it was possible to do so with 
the limited means at hand. Several of the fords have been cleaned 
and the grades leading to them cut down which has made the mode 
of travel in and through the park more easy. 

In general, the regulations for the government of the park were 
well observed during the year. On April 11 the deputy sheriff 
of Murray County reported to the park officials that he had 
arrested a citizen of Sulphur on a charge of having committed a 
robbery within the park just east of Bromide Springs. The park 
authorities asked that the prisoner be turned over to them on the 
grounds that the offense was committed in a national park and not 
in Murray County. The sheriff, after consulting the county attor- 
ney, informed the superintendent of the park that the county officials 
considered they had sufficient jurisdiction to prosecute the accused. 
On April 26 the case was called in the justice court for preliminary 
hearing and it was held that the evidence adduced by the State was 
not sufficient to justify holding the accused, who was thereupon 
released. 

One man was arrested for impersonating a Government officer and 
three men were arrested for transporting passengers in and through 
the park in unlicensed vehicles, while one man was expelled from 
the park on account of intoxication. 

The department has submitted an estimate for $5,000 for the care 
and maintenance of the park including all personal service for the 
next fiscal year. 

8ULLYS HILL PARK. 

This reservation, set aside by Executive proclamation dated June 2, 
1904, under the act approved April 27, 1904 (33 Stat., 319), contains 
about 780 acres. It is located on the south shore of Devils Lake, 
N. Dak., having about 2 miles of shore line. Its western boundary 
is 1 mile east of the Fort Totten Indian School. Inasmuch as no 
appropriation has been made for the care and protection of this 
reservation, Mr. Charles M. Ziebach, in charge of the Indian Indus- 



14 

trial School, Fori Totten, has been continued as acting superin- 
tendent and required to exercise supervison and control until an 
appropriation is made by Congress. 
The trad is well wooded and ha- an ample supply of water and 

many rugged hills, among which, on the western boundary, Lies what 

is known a- M Sully- Hill." In tin- southwestern pari i- a -mall body 
of Water known as "Sweet Water Lake.'* west of which the -in 

i- generally Level and the -oil good. 
Approximately 40 persons camped in the park for three days or 

more during the past summer, and L60 spent one day in sightseeing. 
The Steamboat landing is at least 2 mile- from the park, and the 

acting superintendent recommends the building of ;> dock to allow 
boats to land within the park in order to make it more accessible for 

visitors. Until this is done, and the roads repaired, and springs 
walled up. the resen at ion is not likely to be patronized to any extent. 
There are no biuldings or improvements of any kind in the park. 

CAs a 0RANDE 1U IN. 

This reservation is located near Florence, Ariz., about I s miles 
northeast of Casa Grande -tat ion. on the Southern Pacific Railroad. 
and contains about 480 acres. It was set aside by Executive order 
dated June 22, 1902, under the act approved March -2, 1889 (25 Stat.. 
961). 

Casa Q-rande is an Indian ruin of undetermined antiquity, which 
was discovered in L694 by Padre Kino, a Jesuit missionary. This 
great house is said to be the most important ruin of its type in the 
Southwest, and as such it has strong claims for archaeological study. 
repair, and permanent preservation. It is built of puddled clay. 

molded into walls and dried in the SlUlj and i- of perishable character. 

The main building was originally five or six stories high and covered 

a -pace 59 feel h\ \:\ feet :'> inches. The walls have been gradually 

disintegrating, as a result of the action of the elements. A oornigatea- 
iron roof has heretofore been erected over this building to protect it. 
so far as practicable, from further decay. 

Surrounding Casa Grande proper i- a rectangular walled ind sure 
Or " compound " having an area of about •_' acres. In this inclo-ure. 
which has been called '•Compound A." there have recently been 

excavated a number of buildings or clusters of room-. ( others known 

to exist have not yet been excavated. Two other compounds have 
been discovered and designated, respectively. "Compound li " and 
"Compound C." The former has been the scene of operation- dur- 
ing the past year, but the latter ha- UOt yet been excavated and is 
Stul in the form id' a mound. The three compounds together OOn- 

stitute what is known as the "Cast Grande group of ruins.' 1 

A- a result of work .lone by Dr. Fewke-. of the Bureau of Ameri- 
can Ethnology, the points of interest to visitors have been materially 
increased. The ground plan of the ruin- was increased by some .".7 
Or 58 room-, a number of large plazas, and surrounding walls, mak- 
ing the total number of room- now open on the ground floor over l<lo. 

The custodian, Mr. Prank Pinkley, states that the ruins, as a whole, 
are m a very good condition except for the -light natural erosion of 
the elements from which there seems no practical method to protect 
the greater part of them. The Casa (irande itself was covered by a 
Orotecting roof in 1908 and ha- shown no erosion since that time. 



15 



There was about the usual number of visitors during the last year 
and the greater part of them showed an intense interest concerning 
the ruins. 

The custodian makes the following recommendation : 

I recommend that two pieces of land lying a little farther up the valley be 
withdrawn from settlement for the protection of the ruins that stand on them. 
The first and most important one is the S. Z sec. 8, T. 5 S., R. 9 E.. Gila and 



i Reservation boundary 



v 



wm 



\ 



CASA GRANDE 



Sec, 



| RESE 

I 




N 
46 






I 



ON 

wornm. 






Fig. 1. — Casa Grande Ruin Reservation, Arizona, embracing the NW. \, the NE. \, 
the N. \ of the SW. 1, and the N. \ of the SE. \ of sec. 16, T. 5 S., R. 8 E., 
Gila and Salt River meridian ; created March 2, 18S9. 

Salt River base and meridian. I have personally been over the whole of this 
half section. It is not good farming or grazing land and the ruins on it are 
important. It should be reserved and placed under my charge. The other 
group of ruins lie in the NE. \ NE. \ sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 8 E., Gila and Salt River 
base and meridian. These are not so important. The land could be used for 
farming, though it is not very good. The first group should be reserved, by all 
means, and the second is important enough to deserve protection if you think it 
would not make too many reservations for this purpose in this valley. 

No money, other than the custodian's regular salary, was expended 
this year. 



16 



NATIONAL MONUMENTS AND PRESERVATION 
AMERICAN ANTIQUITIES. 



OF 



By an ad approved June 8, L906, entitled "An ad for the preserva- 
tion of American antiquities," the President <>f the United State 
authorized, "in fads discretion, to declare by public proclamation 
historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other 
objects of historic or scientific interest that are situated upon the Lands 
owned or controlled by the Government of the (Jnited States to be 
national monuments." 

Under such authority, the following monuments, under the super- 
on of the Interior 1 department, have been created by the President : 

National monumenti administered i>y interior Department, 










Petrified Forest 

irro 

ChacoCanvon 

Muir Woods i 

Pinnacles 

Lewis ami rlurk Cavern. 

Tamacacori 

Navajo » 

Mukuntnwc ip 

Shoslioin' Cavern 

Natural Bridget 

Gran Qoivera 

8itka 

Rainltow l»ri'lc>- 



State. 



aing... 

Arizona 

do 

do 

Califon 



Mont . 
Arizona 

ting. . . 







Data. 



Sept. 24,1906 
Dec. 

do. 

...do 

Mar. 11.1907 
Jan. 9. 1908 
Jan. i 
Mav 11.1908 
Sept 15,1908 
Mar. JO. 1909 
Julv 31.1909 
_!, 1900 

1.1909 

Mar. 



Area. 



Acre*. 

296 
2,080 

160 

10 

• 000 

Jlu 
• 2,7«D 

160 
57 
160 



i Donated to thi 

• Within an todl on. 

•ed on 15 known ruins, with a snrrotindinp each ruin. Kxterlor limlta of 

• i in proclamation contain 918,310 acres. 
« The second proclamation: the first one, dated April lfi, 190?. reserved only 120 acres. 

The following regulations for the protection of national monu- 
ments were promulgated on November 19, r.»10: 

1. Fires are absolutely prohibited. 

2. No firearms .ir<" allowed. 
.".. No fishing permitted. 

i. Flowers, ferns, or shrubs mnsl doI be picked, nor may any damage be done 
to the tri 

B Vehicles .- 1 > > c i bones may be left only nt the places designated for this 
pnrpo 

ft. Lunches may be eaten only :tt the Bpots marked out for such ust-. and all 
refuse and Utter nnisi ti»- placed in the receptacles provided. 

7 Pollution of the water m any manner is prohibited; it mnsl be kepi clean 
enough for drinking purpdsi 

No drinking saloon or barroom will be permitted. 

B Persons rendering themselves obnoxious by disorderly conduct or bad be- 
havior, <>r who may violate any of 1 1 1 « - foregoing rales, srlll be summarily 
removed. 

./ addresses of offloert having supervision of national monnm* 

w Q, Desendorf, Ban Francisco, Oal. : 
Ifulr Woods National Monument, Cal. 
Pinnacles National Monument, CaL 
• /, \v. l [elm, i.os angelea, « kUL : 
Montesuma Osstle National Monument, Ariz. 
Petrified Forest National Monument, Ariz. 
Tumacacorl National Monument, Ariz. 
Navajo National Monument, Ariz. 



17 

George E. Hair, Salt Lake City, Utah : 

Mukuntuweap National Monument, Utah. 

Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah. 

Rainbow Bridge National Monument, Utah. 
Leroy O. Moore, Santa Fe. N. Mex. : 

El Morro National Monument. N. Mex. 

Chaco Canyon National Monument, N. Mex. 

Gran Quivera National Monument, N. Mex. 
H. C. Cullom, Helena. Mont. : Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument, 

Mont. 
Adelbert Baker, Cheyenne, Wyo. : 

Devils Tower National Monument. Wyo. 

Shoshone Cavern National Monument, Wyo. 
John A. Smith, special agent in charge Field Service, Alaska (219 Federal 

Building, Seattle, Wash.), Sitka National Monument, Alaska. 

The following national monuments are administered by the Depart- 
ment of Agriculture: 

National monuments administered by Department of Agriculture. 



Name. 



State. 



Date. 



Area. 



Cinder Cone 

Lassen Peak 

Gila Cliff Dwellings. 

Tonto 

Grand Canyon 

Jewel Cave 

Wheeler 

Mount Olympus 

Oregon Caves 



California May 6,1907 

do j do 

New Mexico ! Nov. 16,1907 

Arizona | Dec. 19,1907 

...do Jan. 11,1908 

South Dakota j Feb. 7, 1908 

Colorado Dec. 7,1908 

Washington j Mar. 2,1909 

Oregon I July 12,1909 



Act ex. 

5.120 

1,280 

160 

640 

806,400 

1.280 

300 

M80 



i Estimated area. 
MTJIR WOODS NATIONAL MONUMENT. 

On December 31, 1907, the Secretary of the Interior, for and on 
behalf of the United States, accepted from William Kent and his 
wife, Elizabeth Thatcher Kent, of Chicago, 111., in accordance with 
the act of Congress approved June 8, 190C, entitled "An act for the 
preservation of American antiquities." a deed conveying to the United 
States the following described land, situate in Marin County, Cal. : 

Beginning at a stake. A. 7, driven in the center of the road in Redwood 
Canon and located by the following courses and distances from the point of 
commencement of the tract of land, which was conveyed by the Tamalpais Land 
and Water Company to William Kent by a deed dated August 29th, 1905, and 
recorded in the office of the county recorder of Marin County, California, 
Book 95 of Deeds at page 5S, to wit : North eighteen degrees thirty-two minutes, 
east two hundred thirty-two and sixty-four hundredths feet, north sixty-six 
degrees thirty minutes, west one hundred sixty-seven and thirty-four hundredths 
feet, north eighty-six degrees twenty-five minutes, west ninety-eight and sixty- 
two hundredths feet, north seventy degrees no minutes, west two hundred 
forty-one and seven hundredths feet, north fifty-seven degrees twenty-nine 
minutes, west one hundred seventy-eight and three-hundredths feet, north 
forty-six degrees twenty-two minutes, west two hundred thirty-five and thirty- 
nine hundredths feet, and north twenty-four degrees twenty-five minutes, west 
two hundred twenty-five and fifty-six hundredths feet; thence from said stake, 
A. 7, the point of beginning, south fifty-four degrees nineteen minutes, west 
fourteen hundred eighty-two and seven-tenths feet to Station A. 8, from which 
Station 4 of the survey of the tract of land conveyed to William Kent as 
aforesaid bears south fifty-four degrees nineteen minutes, west three hundred 
ten feet distant : thence from said Station A. 8 north forty-seven degrees thirty 
minutes, west twenty-six hundred eighty feet; thence due west six hundred 

81597—11 2 



1- 

fifty and elghl tenths feet; thence Dortli Qfty-two degrees thirty mm 
en hundred feet; thence north nineteen degrees fortj five mlnn 
ten hundred flfty-elghl and four-tenths feel to Station A. 12, from a 
Station 16 of the survey >-f the trad "t land conveyed to W it as 

> three di tj -two mlnuti bree hun- 

dred ten feel distant; thence north eighty-three two minutea, 

e hundred nine and two tenths feel ; thence north fifty-five deg 
ghl mlnuti fifteen hundred fifty feel to an 
quarter! of an Inch In diameter and thirty Inch* Btatlon 1 1 ; thence s.,utii 

ees eighteen minutea, eaal twenty elghl hundred twenty and nine- 
tenths feel : thence aouth tour degrees ten minute! ne bundred thirty 
to s stake. \. 16, driven in tin- center of a graded road; and thence south 
forty-five degn teen minutea, weal two hundred ninety-eight and 
tenths feel to Bald Btake A. 7, | of beglnn 
two hundred ninety-five acres, a little i ■ 




Ki«,. a, Muir Woods National Monument, California, In T. i n . i:. 8 w\, 
Ifounl Diablo meridian; created January '■>. 1906. 

On January ( .». 1908, the President, by virtue of the power and au- 
thority vested in him by section 2 of said act, declared, proclaimed, 
and Bel apart the lands described as i M national monument to be 
known and recognized as Muir Woods National Monument." The 
Secretary of the interior had, prior to the date lasi mentioned, with- 
drawn tlir lands from entry or Bale. 

On September L0, L906, the departmjenl prescribed regulations ai 
follows fox the gavantinenl and protection of said monument: 

The following rules and regulations for the governmenl of the Muir Woods 
National Monument, in the stan- of California, set aside under the provlslo 



19 

the act of Congress approved June 8, 1906, are hereby established and made 
public, pursuant to the authority conferred by said act : 

1. Fires are absolutely prohibited. 

2. No firearms allowed. 

3. No fishing permitted. 

4. Flowers, ferns, or shrubs must not be picked, nor may any damage be done 
to the trees. 

5. Vehicles and horses may be left only at the places designated for this 
purpose. 

6. Lunches may be eaten only at the spots marked out for such use, and all 
refuse and litter must be placed in the receptacles provided. 

7. Pollution of the water in any manner is prohibited. It must be kept 
clean enough for drinking purposes. 

8. No drinking saloon or barroom will be permitted. 

9. Persons rendering themselves obnoxious by disorderly conduct or bad be- 
havior, or who may violate any of the foregoing rules, will be summarily 
removed. 

While the sundry civil act, approved May 27,1908 (35 Stat., 317), 
was pending before Congress attention was called to the fact that no 
provision was made for the salaries of custodians or for other protec- 
tion of national monuments, as recommended in the estimates for 
these services, and that the department would be embarrassed in its 
efforts to protect monuments from vandalism and unauthorized ex- 
ploration and spoliation, because of a lack of funds. The department 
had recommended an appropriation of $5,000 for these purposes. 
Three thousand dollars had been appropriated the previous year, but 
because of deficient wording of the act was not made available. 
However, on July 11, 1910, Andrew Lind, of California, was ap- 
pointed custodian of the Muir Woods National Monument, at a salary 
of $900 per annum, payable from the appropriation " protection of 
public lands and timber." 

These lands consist of one of the most noted redwood groves in the 
State of California, and were held in private ownership by Mr. Kent. 
The tract is of great scientific interest, contains many redwood trees, 
which have grown to a height of 300 feet and have a diameter at the 
butt of 18 feet or more. It is located in a direct line about 7 miles 
from San Francisco, Cal., and is in close proximity to a large and 
growing suburban population. 

PETRIFIED FOREST OF ARIZONA. 

The Petrified Forest of Arizona lies in the area between the Little 
Colorado River and the Rio Puerco, 15 miles east of their junction 
and 6 miles south of Adamana, a station on the Santa Fe Pacific 
Railroad, from which place it is accessible by horse or vehicle. This 
area is of great interest because of the abundance of petrified conifer- 
ous trees, as well as its scenic features. The trees lie scattered about 
in great profusion ; none, however, stand erect in their original place of 
growth as do many of the petrified trees in the Yellowstone National 
Park. The trees probably at one time grew beside an inland sea; 
after falling they became waterlogged, and during decomposition 
the cell structure of the wood was entirely replaced by silica derived 
from sandstone in the surrounding land. Over a greater part of the 
entire area trees lie scattered in all conceivable positions and in frag- 
ments of all sizes. Perhaps the most prominent of all the scenic 
features of the region is the well-known Natural Bridge, consisting of 
a great petrified trunk lying across a canyon 45 feet in width and 
forming a footbridge over which anyone may easily pass. 



20 

Prof. Leeter F. Ward, of fa rical Survey, I. as staled that 

*• then- is n.. ntliiT [M-tniied forest in which the w I assumes bo many 

varied and interesting forma and colon, and it is these thai present 
the chiei attraction for the general public. The Btate of mineraliza- 
tion in which much of this wood exists almost places them anions 
the gems or precious stones. \«>t only are chalcedony, opals, and 
agates found among ^em, but many approach the condition of 
jasper and onyx Hie degree of hardness attained by them is such 
that they are said to make an excellent quality of emery." 

Dr. Walter Hough, of the Smithsonian institution, who visited 
this monument, states that "in the celebrated Petrified Forest, which 
is some i> miles from Bolbrook, Ariz., on the picturesque Santa I'. 




8.-— Petrified I Uonal Monument, Arizona. i-inLni.-inir s«vs i to 18 

16 N i: 28 i. . : sees. 20 to 29, Inclusive, and 31 to 36, Inclui 
P. 11 v. i: 28 !■:. : sees. 1 to 1l\ Inclusive, and sec. 18, T. 16 N H 
sees. •_■ to n. Inclusive, and sees, ii to 36, Inclusive, T. 17 \. i: 24 i: 

and 8, 'i'. 16 \\. l;. 20 HL; sees. 19, 20, 29 to 32, T. 17 v.. B 28 
Qua and Bait River meridian; created December 8, 1906. 

Railroad, there are ruins of several ancient [ndian villages. These 
village* are small, in some cases having merely a few nouses, but 
what gives them a peculiar interest is that they were built of 
• ■aiihiiil fossil wood. * * * The prehistoric dwellers of 
land Belected cylinders of uniform size, which were seemingly dot 
mined bi the carrying strength of a man. It is probable that i 
historic builders never chose more beautiful stones for the construc- 
tion of their habitations than the trunks of the trees which flourished 
ages before man appeared on the earth. 

"This wood agate also tarnished material for stone hammers, 
arrowheads, and knives, which are often found in ruins hundred* 
miles from the forest." 



21 




Tsa-un-ne-e 



rsh-P ^ 

„„..-»"v -• v-, 
.,- jSafrSp. 

AIJ /mO I A N RESERV^VT 



K^PI (NOQUI) INDIAN RESERVATION 



Fig. 4. — Navajo National Monument, Arizona, embracing all cliff-dwelling and 
pueblo ruins between the parallel of latitude 36° 30' and 37° north and longi- 
tude 110° and 110° 45' west from Greenwich, with 40 acres of land in square 
form around each of said ruins ; created March 20, 1909. 



L"J 



T.2IN.. R.I! W. 



T.2IN..R.I0W. 




T2IN..R.I2W. 



7N..R.I2W. 



T.I7N. R.IOW. T.20N..R.8W. 



Q 



C«4 Moreno P,n, » d0 



Chaco Canyon National Monument, New Mexico, embra< 1 and 

8 and 16 to 29, Inclusive, T. 23 N.. EL 10 W.; Bees, i. 2, 8 bo L4, 

Inclusive, and 17, 19, 20, and 30, T. -l N., EL 11 W.\ 8. | Bee. 12, T. 20 X . 
i;. B W.\ 81 _. T. L'l x.. K. 12 w. : si:. | Bee. 28, T. 17 X., EL 12 W.\ 

si:. $ sec. IT. T. IT X.. K. 10 W., New Mexico principal meridian; created 
March il. 1907. 



" J tf777777777777777777777777tf* r " z 




-GJFt 



xrxr-xrr, ': " 






■^ 



^ 



^ 






n* 



^ 



%£&„. 

* <* 



NAV 



AJO 



UTAH 



^ 



- 






POUNQARV ■ 

LINE l7$">M,l*lor 



r • Monument Boundary 

>;. Rainbow i '. t-i. i l;<- National Monument, Utah, embracing 100 acrei of land 
in square form, the southeast corner of which bean from one hundred and 

"iiiy-ninili mile comer OD the I'lah anil Arizona I ndary X. • '•<> -'<' Y.V 

w. T miles 67.87 chains distant : created September 25, 1909. 



23 




Fig. 7. — El Morro National Monument, New Mexico, embracing the S. \ NE. \ 
and N. £ SE. \ sec. 6, T. 9 N., R. 14 W., New Mexico meridian; created 
December 8, 1906. 






18 



3BR " >VW, 



Lot/2 
Sec<\/7 

Entrance 
to Cave 



»'*,t e ~n 



19 








Monument Boundary 

'•'"•• 8. — Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument, Montana, embn 
12, sec. it. T. l .v. i:. 2 w .. Montana principal meridian; created Mas n. 

I '.MIS. 



25 



S Chains 



v/;w;v;;;;w;;;;mw»w;/;;w/;ww) 




/O Chains 



NATIONAL 

£^2 Adobe House 

MONUMENT 






f//Ar/fyty///////////////////////////////Z. 



*<> 



Adobe House 



j— . Adobe House 
I— i Residence 



'ACor. Sec. 30-31 

Fig. 9. — Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona, embracing the E. J NW. \ 
SW. i SE. i and the W. £ NE. \ SW. i SE. i, sec 30, T. 21 S., R. 13 E., Gila 
and Salt River meridian ; created September 15, 190S. 






2(i 




C/"3<J- 



P],, M).— Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona, embracing the NW. \ 
N\\ 8, the N NB. . and NB. \ NW. | zee 17, T. M .v. EL B BL, I 

and Salt Elver meridian; created December s . 190ft 



27 



36 

5ipapu 
Bridge 

Kefchina 



T 




'Car r#3 ,X" \ to cor to Sees. 2^. 



Dwachonio 
•.^Bridge 



37 



38 



39 



17 



l »\ 



V v Astr5)a 

O V 1 






I fre/iisforic ^ 
| Govt Sprmcj 



3>N 






Zpjni]es_7380_Chs^ _ 
-2^ 34 and 35 T3b5,/t.2Zf\ 



Prehistoric 
Care Sprmq 



20 



tiu/mmui Monmmeni Boundary 

Fig. 11. — Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah, embracing a subtriangular 
tract in unsurveyed Tps. 36 and 37 S., R. 17 E., and two smaller tracts, one 
each in T. 38 S., R. 19 E., and T. 39 S., R. 20 E., Salt Lake meridian ; created 
September 25, 1909. 



28 




*/l\f <§ 



5ecJ34 



Sec 35 



^ 



TIN. R 8 E. 






,# 



j! 



1 1 ,£^££3 — "vw/w/q 



<<^. (3/M/V QUtyiRA RUINS 

a ffl J £ 






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•fcs 



-x^ 



^E_S!®!!^ 



Sec-2- 



4-%*!^ 



^ 



TI5 R 8 E 



.1 



Monument Boundary 

Fi... 12 Gran Qniylra National Monument, New Mexico, embracing onaur- 

r. i s. k. 9 i.. New Mexico principal meridian; created 
mber l. 1909. 



29 



w@w< 



%i 



t,\ 6 



7, 



'//Mfr/fc.^ ! !- 






18 



L. 



19 



30 



31 







il 



20 ^J22^2' 






29 




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r 



r 



L 



19 



17 



1 



28 



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-I — 



1 



n 



15 



22 



27 



1^ X 13 

^ - 




—j 8Z 



26 



--W//J////A 



34 



A 



Z 



I ; 



10 



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25 



^tt^' 



35 f 36 



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20 



— id 



v. 



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r 



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H 



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13 



24 



J 



////////f Monument Boundary 

Fig. 13. — Mukuntuweap National Monument, Utah, embracing sees. 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 
9, 10, 14, 15. 16, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, 33, and 34, T. 40 S.. R. 10 W., and all 
of the Mukuntuweap Canyon in T. 41 S., R. 10 W., Salt Lake meridian ; created 
July 31, 1909. 



30 








il/// / A\W///J/,/ite»^ffi|. 








N ', I / / "Lmiui l^ft. "'4% h^ % 



v//^ , '///iifuK///iii^//iiii | T' l v\;' 



fj/i'^Wiiiii'T/;^^ 



z/z/z/zz/z/ Ncrt/onal Monument Boundary 

I i. Shoshone Cavern National Monument, Wyoming, embracing the s\v. \ 
si:. \, w. i SB. . si: . sw. | m: | n\v. * si:. | ; and SB. i s\v. i, 

sec. 5; the n\v. { NK. 1 and m: I N¥ . EL L02 w.. sixth 

principal meridian; created September _i. L90B 



31 



CORNER H 




Fig. 15. — Sitka National Monument, Alaska, embracing a tract of land which 
includes the mouth of Indian River and adjacent territory near Sitka ; created 
March 23, 1910. 



32 



R66W. . R.65W. 



T.53N,- 1 





B 













YS/riYSMft 



S 



s 



13 



18 



Fio. la T'.w.-r National Monument, Wyoming, embracing m 

the N | NH \, I NW. ;. and lol No. i. sec 18, T. 58 N., Bt. 66 W.; 

tbe E } sec 12 and the N. ; NB. I Bee 18, T. 68 N., B. 68 \\\. sixth prlndpal 



September 24, 1906. 




R.7E. 



T. 16 S. 



T. 17 5 



i onal Monument, Oallfornla; created January 16, 1908. 



W9» 



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^ ..»••. **, 



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